The Acts of the Apostles 80

Subtitle: Showdown in Jerusalem I

Acts 21:15-31.  This sermon was preached by Pastor Marty Bonner on September 15, 2024.

Paul will now leave Caesarea on the coast and travel inland to Jerusalem.  It is clear that Luke has been setting up what will be a showdown in Jerusalem.  There will be a clash of the Gospel of Jesus with those who refused to accept it.  We are going to take several weeks to look at this clash.

Let’s look at our passage.

Paul meets with the elders of the Jerusalem church (v. 15-25)

As Paul leaves Philip’s home in Caesarea, we are reminded that he not only has a group of men with him who are both Jews and Gentiles from both Greece and Anatolia, but that he picks up some believers from Caesarea who are also traveling up for the feast of Pentecost.

Luke doesn’t tell us how close to the feast it is, and when these coming events happen in relation to the feast.  Regardless, there are a lot of people showing up in Jerusalem every day. 

We are also told that a man named Mnason of Cyprus travels with them from Caesarea.  They will be staying at his place in Jerusalem.  Mnason is not named again in Scripture, but we are told that he was an early believer in Jesus.

When Paul arrives in Jerusalem, verse 17 tells us that they are received gladly by the believers.  This doesn’t necessarily mean that he met with all the believers of Jerusalem.  Jerusalem was a large city.  It is tough to know exactly how many believers were there.  But, we do know that it is in the magnitude of tens of thousands.  Note: The word “myriad” (NKJV) in Acts 21:21 literally means 10,000 and it is in the plural.  However, it also can be used metaphorically to mean a great number.  We also know that persecution has come in waves that has caused some to move on, but others to believe.  Regardless, I do not believe Paul has somehow met with all the believers, but a select few that Paul had good relationship with.

This is a good start.  Have you ever been in an environment where you knew it was going to turn bad, but at the moment things were good?  We need to learn how to enjoy the good that God gives us in the now, even when we know that difficulty is coming.  We will talk more about how to do that, but let me say up front that the answer is not in ignoring the difficulty that looms ahead.

We can be this way throughout our life, where we are always waiting for the other shoe to drop, and we are never embracing the current blessings of the Lord.  Of course, the opposite can be true as well.  I can be thinking that now is always bad or imperfect, and always looking ahead to when it will be “better.”  People who become stuck looking to the horizon of life can lose the peace and rest that God is trying to give to them in the present.  More than just living in the moment, we want to live in connection with The One who is giving us this moment, and to be thankful for the goodness in it.

The next day, Paul meets with James and the elders of the Jerusalem church.  Peter and John are not mentioned in this account so it is likely that they are not there.  The apostles often traveled.  Paul details for them everything that God was doing among the Gentiles through his ministry and the ministry of the people with him.  Of course, the book of Acts is such a detail.

The response of the elders and James is to glorify the Lord (v. 20).  There are some today who would malign the spread of the Gospel of Jesus Christ.  It is generally pictured as a destroyer of wonderful cultures.  There is a certain narrative that is pushed in which Christians are spoken of as oppressors and the cultures they interacted with  are spoken of as victims.

Let me just say up front that not all in the Church were truly saved and understood the message of Jesus Christ.  Even some who were saved were trapped in traditions that developed over long periods of time.  No matter how much truth a community has, there will always be a difficulty in keeping the foundational principles of the group in place due to the tension created by those who are following their flesh and do not believe.

Yes, we all want to be brothers and sisters.  Yet, we know the reality.  Some are wolves who were never saved, and some are believers who have perverted the truth and are apostatizing from the ways of Jesus.  However, none of this changes Jesus, the Christ, who is the hope of glory.  Our hope is not based upon a pastor, a bishop, a patriarch, or a pope.  These can all fail, but Jesus never fails.

The true story is not the destruction of wonderful cultures by Christians.  These cultures were at the end of a long time of descent into ruin.  What started at the Tower of Babel as mere rebellion led to the casting off of truth and exchanging it for a lie.  Of course, each of these cultures were not completely darkened.  Some more than others had remnants, splinters of truth in their mythologies or traditions.  It is a common story for Christian missionaries to come to a particular culture and discover these splinters of truth that are truly God’s grace.

We must understand that any people, or even a single person, that we go to with the Gospel, has been prepared by God to hear it.  He was there before you working in their life.  There are things in their life and experience that can help them to understand the Gospel.  It is through real relationship that we can discover these things and use them to present the Good News about Jesus.

Does this mean that they will always be saved?  Of course, it doesn’t.  What if I do a perfect job in presenting Jesus, would it guarantee their salvation?  You could be the perfect picture of Jesus and share perfectly his message.  You could even lay your life down on a cross for people and yet, many of them will still reject you.  No one is saved by a perfect witness (unless you are speaking about Jesus himself).  Rather, they are saved by accepting the grace that God is giving them.  That grace includes the imperfect men and women sharing the Gospel.  It includes the imperfect societies that they created along the way, or at least were created by a clash of prior cultures with the Gospel.

This is what Paul is doing here.  He is doing this for Jesus.  The Gospel of Jesus goes forth to redeem people and their cultures.  It goes forth to rescue them from the darkness and slavery they have fallen to, even the inheritance that they have lost.

After glorifying God, the elders warn Paul of rumors that are being spread in Jerusalem about him.  I will point out up front that the elders concerns are with how the believers in Jesus will receive Paul, i.e., unity within the church, than they are about how the unbelieving Jews will respond to him.

These believers were very zealous for the Law of Moses, and have been hearing rumors about Paul that somehow he is not zealous for the law.  They have heard that he actually taught Jews in Gentile lands to forsake the Law.  In Particular, the had heard that he was teaching Jews not to circumcise their children nor to follow the customs, traditions of Israel.

Of course, this is a perverted reading of what Paul taught.  In Galatians, Paul warned Gentiles against being circumcised because they were doing so out of fear.  Jewish people were telling them that they had to keep the Law and believe in Jesus.  Paul is telling them that this is not true.  Circumcision cannot save you.  Only faith working through love.  Thus, the real point is not circumcision, whether you do or don’t.  Rather, it is about faith working through love.  It is somewhat unclear what Paul would say to Jews.  However, his point would be similar.  If you are looking to the Law to draw the grace of God, then you have walked away from Christ.  However, if you continue in the traditions out of faith in Christ and seeking to love your fellow Jews, then it is fine.

Ultimately, Jesus is the fulfillment of all the Law points to.  In fact, even Gentiles can fulfill the Law, not by trying to keep it, but by obeying the same Spirit of God that was the source of the Law.

Regardless of these misunderstandings, the elders realize that word will spread among believers that Paul is in Jerusalem, and it will cause no small stir within the Church community.

At this point, they present a plan to Paul for nipping this issue in the bud.  They counsel him to assist four men who were completing a Nazirite vow.

The mention of shaving the head is the clear sign that this is a Nazirite vow.  A person would vow to separate themselves from three things and unto God for a particular period of time.  It was usually at least 30 days, but could be longer.  The Nazir (person doing the vow)  would separate themselves to God by not eating nor drinking anything from the fruit of the grape vine.  Secondly, they would not touch any dead bodies, even if it was a close relative that needed burying.  Someone else would have to do it.  The third thing was that they would not cut their hair during the period of the vow. 

It sounds like these four men had come to the end of their vow and needed to go to the temple to present themselves to the priests, do the particular sacrifices, and thereby complete the vow and be officially released from its obligations.

So what are these elders thinking?  Paul would attach himself to this group by purifying himself and then going to the temple with them to cover the expense of the sacrifices.  This would involve three animals for each person (a yearling, male lamb, a yearling, female lamb, and a ram).  It was considered an act of righteousness to help cover the cost of someone’s vow-completion sacrifice.  This would openly demonstrate to the believers that Paul didn’t have a problem with Jews doing things from the Law of Moses.

Of course, the elders are quick to state that they are not calling for Gentiles to obey the Law, as was determined in Acts 15 during the Jerusalem Council.

Let’s move on in our passage.

Paul goes into the temple (v. 26-30)

Luke is not always clear on the details that we may want.  Part of this is due to the fact that he is writing in an environment where people are not so removed from the cultures as we are.  We miss things that he assumed people of that day would know.  Also, part of this is due to the fact that Luke is focusing us on what is important, not satisfying our every curiosity about the story.

I say this because in acts 27:21 it speaks of the ending of seven days.  Is this in regard to the purification of the men?  It wouldn’t seem to be about the feast of Pentecost because this feast happens on a particular day.  It is not like the Feast of Unleavened Bread and the Feast of Tabernacles, which both last 7 days.  It could, however, be a reference to the counting of the seven weeks.  Perhaps this is the ending of the 7^th week and the 7^th day of the 7^th week, etc.

I won’t go into the details of how this might connect to the purification because it is clear that this is not what is important to Luke.  What is important is that Paul and these four men have cleansed themselves, and they are in the temple to complete their vows to God.  Thus, they are righteously fulfilling the requirements of the Law regarding a vow.  It is in this environment that Paul is going to be seized and dragged out of the temple.  In short, Paul will be treated extremely unjustly.  There was no call for what they would do.

There would be lots of people in the Temple compound.  Verse 27 has Paul being recognized by some Jews who were from the province of Asia (the area around Ephesus).  The seize him and create a commotion around him by hollering for help.  This leads to the whole city being stirred up as word quickly spread.

Let’s first look at the content of their cries.  “This is the man who teaches all men everywhere against the people, the law, and this place.”  Of course, Paul did not teach against these things.  He did reveal that the Law by itself could not make any man righteous.  He did teach that those who rejected Christ would find no righteousness through the temple sacrifices.

The second thing they cry is this.  “[F]urthermore he also brought Greeks into the temple and has defiled this holy place.”  This was completely fabricated, and was based upon an assumption.  They had seen him earlier in the city with Trophimus and Ephesian Gentile.  They assumed that Paul had brought Trophimus into the Temple in order to defile it.

We do a similar thing all of the time.  We can make quick judgments about people we disagree with that we would not like being done to us.  We can stretch the truth and assume the worst case motivation for them and not worry about how much evidence we have.  We can act as if we have a gift of intuitively knowing what is in a person’s heart.  This is unjust and against the commands of Christ and the Law of Moses.

Of course, maybe you would never do this.  However, if it was done to you, what then?  We can sometimes feel justified to give back to people what they have given to us.  God will surely understand!  Of course, Jesus rebuked his disciples with these words.  “You know not what manner of spirit you are.”

Is it possible for a person who is following Messiah and being led by the Holy Spirit to end up in a place where they are responding to an antichrist spirit, the spirit of this age?  Yes, it is.  This is the testimony of Scripture.

James and John wanted to call fire down on a city.  Peter rebuked the Lord for talking about being killed.  Judas betrayed the Lord for thirty pieces of silver, and then he hung himself.

It is not enough to be on the right team.   You need to decrease and Jesus needs to increase.  That is our battle that we will need to armor up to do.  We need the armor of God, which starts with the Belt of Truth!

We are told that Paul is dragged out of the temple and the gates are shut.  This would place them in the large plaza area around the Temple, whether to the north or to the south of it.  The area to the east was not as large, but they could be there too.

I am going to press pause on the story at this point.  But, I want to take some time to ask some questions about the choice of Paul and the advise of the Jerusalem elders.

I mentioned last week that I do not believe Paul made a mistake coming to Jerusalem.  He had “purposed in the Spirit” to go to Jerusalem at a particular point in time.  This reminds me of Jesus who did the same thing.  Jesus purposed to go to Jerusalem knowing he would die there.  It was not a mistake it was the will and the love of the Father.

The will and love of God can sometimes take us to some tough and harsh places.  Places that our flesh would complain about.  “God, you can’t ask me to do this!  It’s not fair!”

I use the word “ask” on purpose.  God forces nobody to do anything.  He is not a tyrant.  Some will try to complain that the restraints of the laws of nature and creation are themselves a tyrannical straight-jacket.  This is just silly.  There has to be some basis of reality for anything to happen.  We can look God’s grace in the face and claim it is a tyranny, but none of us can create a different reality.  Our problem is not the laws of physics and the nature of man’s mortal being.  It really is the problem in our heart.  We are willing to redefine good things as bad in order to satisfy the lust of our flesh, instead of accepting the goodness of God.

Were the elders wrong to suggest their solution to Paul and was he wrong to go along with it?  Did Paul compromise with the Jerusalem leaders?  First, I remind us that the elders’ concerns were with church unity.  However, this is not the problem.  No matter what they did or didn’t do, the problem would always be the jealousy that the Asian Jews had towards Paul (as well as some Jews from Jerusalem and elsewhere).  These elders are doing their best to keep the peace among believers.  That is good.  However, God doesn’t solve every problem.  Leaders need to keep this in mind.  There is a problem already, and Paul’s coming into Jerusalem only brings it to a head.

How might God be using this event?  He is challenging those in Jerusalem who refuse to believe that Jesus is Messiah.  He is also giving Paul a platform to preach the Gospel one last time to Jerusalem, and to dignitaries and kings.  He is also inviting Paul into a special relationship of suffering with Jesus for His cause.

When things go wrong, even Christians start looking for who is to blame.  Is it Paul’s fault because he didn’t look exceptionally pious when he entered the temple?  Is it his fault because he didn’t foresee the foolishness of having a Gentile with him in the city during a feast?  Could he have done a better job preaching among the Gentiles so that no rumors would have come back to Jerusalem about him?

Listen, there will always be rumors about you.  And, some of them will be true because you are human and not perfect.  But, the reality is this.  Some people do not like what you are doing.  The real question is not whether people are against us or not.  It is about whether or not you are with Jesus.

I may have fallen down, skinned my knees, and broken my arm, but am I with Jesus?  That is what really matters.  Paul was on a mission with Jesus Christ, and it brought him to some tough situations like this one.  Is not Jesus a stumbling block to all people?  We are all going to trip over Jesus.  It will hurt when it happens and part of you will want to shrink away from him.  But, I challenge you.  If you fall and are hurt on the Rock, the Lord Jesus, He can heal you.  If you don’t look to him for healing, then the day of judgment will become a day of crushing.  However, if by faith you call upon him for his grace, he will lift you up.

There are things that we need to do for and with Jesus.  Some of those things require a choice that will bring hurt to you.  Didn’t Jesus make choices that hurt?  Yes, but he did it out of love for the Father and out of love for you and me.

Paul’s heart can be summed up in 1 Corinthians 9:19-27.  Go ahead take the time to read it right now and then come back to this.

What matters is that Jesus be presented to a person in a way that they can understand.  You will have to do this over the top of obstinance and hard hearts.  If Paul needed to refrain from eating particular foods to share Jesus with someone, then he would.  That is a really small sacrifice.

Notice that Paul is not talking about sinful things.  You cannot sin with people in order to save them from sin.  Yet, you can lay down your right to make certain choices that will bring good to you, in order to help others.  This is what Jesus did, and this is what Paul is doing in this moment.  Let’s go forth and be like Jesus.

Showdown I audio

The Acts of the Apostles 79

Subtitle: Warnings through the Spirit

Acts 21:1-14.  This sermon was preached by Pastor Marty Bonner on September 8, 2024.

It is becoming clear by this point that the Holy Spirit is warning Paul about what will happen in Jerusalem.  Yet, that is where he is intent on going.

We left Paul at the coastal city of Miletus, after talking with the elders of Ephesus.  He will now continue on his trip.

In our passage today, we will be given some examples of what it looked like for the Holy Spirit to warn Paul through other believers.

Let’s look at our passage.

A warning is given in Tyre (v. 1-5)

Let’s quickly walk through the geographical part of this passage.  Miletus is on the southwest coast of what we call Turkey today.  Cos and Rhodes were well known islands in that area.  They then put in at Patara.  They then get on another ship that is headed to Tyre.  This brings them to the south of the island of Cyprus as they land in what is still called Lebanon.  They will stay in Tyre for seven days, and then, they will sail south along the coast to Ptolemais (modern day Acre/Akko).  Their next stop will then be Caesarea on the coast.  As the headquarters for the Roman governance of Judea, there were good roads up to Jerusalem from there.

In Tyre, Luke gives us some specific details.  Particularly that the disciples there tell Paul “through the Spirit” not to go to Jerusalem.  Scholars differ over whether Paul is making a mistake, refusing to listen to the Holy Spirit, or simply being faithful to what God has told him.  I do not believe that Paul is ignoring these warnings, nor do I believe he is making a mistake, but more on this in a bit.

The wording of verse 4 is important.  What does it mean that they told Paul through the Spirit?  This has to do with spiritual gifts, such as: prophecy, words of knowledge, words of wisdom, etc.  Yet, it doesn’t say that the Holy Spirit told Paul.  Rather, “they” told Paul not to go.  It is important to be careful when these spiritual gifts are exercised.  We can be guilty of assuming why God tells us what He does.  We need to discern carefully where God’s message ends and where our thoughts about that message begin.  These should never be confused.

Not every warning is to keep us from doing something.  When you tell your kid that they will be grounded for a week if they get into the cookie jar, that is a warning intended to keep you from doing something.  It is prohibitive in its intent.  However, when you tell your kid not to spend all their money in one place, the intent is more about being wise.  It is preparing them for the reality of not getting the money back once it is spent.  It is less about prohibiting a behavior and more about preparing them for the realities of spending money.  I believe that God is not prohibiting Paul, but rather, making him abundantly clear on what he is choosing to do.  This will have him prepared both in knowledge and in fortitude of heart.

These Christians have become aware of Paul’s situation because of the Holy Spirit.  However, their human love for Paul has kicked in, and causes them to counsel him not to go.

Now, God doesn’t tell us everything that lies ahead of us.  However, He does tell us to pick up our cross and follow him.  It is going to be difficult ahead.  Your flesh won’t want to keep following.  Thus, you are going to need a cross on which to put your flesh to death, so you can follow me.  Sometimes the cross is about a literal death.  Many martyrs have walked this path.  Yet, at all times the cross is metaphorical for the parts of our inner man that we will have to die to.  It won’t be easy to follow Jesus, but we can do it, if we put our trust in Jesus.  He can get us there!

As Paul leaves, they all follow him to the shore and pray with him.  No matter what we do for the LORD, it is good to pray over our plans.  May God lead us in His way for us through the good and the difficult that lies ahead.

A warning is given in Caesarea (v. 6-14)

Paul and his fellow-travelers travel by ship down the coast to Ptolemais and then Caesarea.  This is where Luke describes another scene in which Paul is warned about going to Jerusalem.

Paul stays with Philip the Evangelist.  This is the Philip of Acts chapter 8 who was a deacon in the Jerusalem Church, one of “The Seven.”  Of course, Philip then went on to minister in Samaria, to the Ethiopian eunuch, and then ended up in Caesarea.  This is the first time Luke has mentioned him since Acts 8:40, where it says that he was preaching in all of the cities near the coast up to Caesarea.  It is clear that God’s work in Philip (as well as Stephen) had moved him beyond being a deacon in the Jerusalem church.  He now lives in Caesarea, and, no doubt continues to minister and preach in the area.

Luke also mentions that Philip had four virgin daughters.  This would mean that they are of marriageable age, but not married.  He also says of them “who prophesied.”  It is unclear if this is only a general statement of the spiritual gift of prophecy in their lives, or if it specifically means that they prophesied about Paul.  Regardless, it is another prophet who will be the focus of Luke’s account.

The prophet Agabus from Jerusalem has been introduced already in the book of Acts (11:28).  God used him to make the church in Antioch aware of a coming famine in Judea.  The other churches would need to help the Judean church, which is a challenge that Paul took up with great zeal.  In fact, part of Paul coming to Jerusalem was to bring more donations from the Gentile churches to share with the believers of Judea.

Agabus too prophesies regarding the difficulty awaiting Paul in Jerusalem.  Here is Luke’s description of this prophecy.  “He took Paul’s belt, bound his own hands and feet, and said, ‘Thus says the Holy Spirit, “So shall the Jews at Jerusalem bind the man who owns this belt, and deliver him into the hands of the Gentiles.” ’ ”

Again, we can look at the question of what the Holy Spirit is really trying to say to Paul.  Notice that there is no mention of forbidding, prohibiting, or strongly exhorting regarding whether he should go or not.  It is only a warning (information) regarding what will happen.  We know from Acts 16:6 that the Holy Spirit is quite clear when He is forbidding something.

When God speaks to us, whether through a prophecy or an impression during prayer, we must be careful that our response is not about trying to avoid hard and difficult things.  If my prayers are all about God buffering my life from any, then I am still living at a young spiritual level.  God uses life and its difficulties to help us to grow spiritually. 

Paul has come to grips with the fact that he needs to go to Jerusalem regardless of what happens.  Along the way, the Holy Spirit is being faithful to inform and to confirm what Paul has come to know.  This is more about preparing Paul, preparing the believers to whom he has been ministering, and testing him to make his sacrifice even more valuable to God.

Of course, the disciples respond to the prophecy of Agabus by pleading with Paul not to go.  Notice that Luke uses the “we” pronoun here.  I am sure that Paul has talked about this with his companions, but a prophecy from Agabus seems to put them over the top.  His companions join in with the believers of Caesarea in trying to dissuade Paul from going up to Jerusalem.

It is a fair inference from all the warnings Paul has received to assume the warning is to keep you from going.  Yet, Luke describes Paul sharing his heart with them all.

He tells them that their weeping was breaking his heart.  Their pleading and weeping was pressuring Paul to back away from a course that he had already committed himself to do.  It is as tough for the person choosing to go forward into persecution as it is for those they love choosing to let them go and support them in the choice.  We can become guilty of trying to talk our loved ones out of a reward from the Lord.

It is similar to a parent who hears from their teenage child that they want to go serve Jesus in a far off country.  Part of us recognizes that this is a wonderful work for anyone to choose.  Yet, part of us fears for them and wonders if they are really doing the right thing.  Parents have to learn to let go and become that person who is always praying for those they love serving elsewhere.  It isn’t easy, and we should be careful of undue influence in these situations.

Paul then explains that he is not only ready to be bound and arrested, but that he is also ready to die for the Name of the Lord Jesus!  Of course, there has been no mention of his death in any of these prophecies.  Also, Paul has been in prisons and jails already.  He is not a greenhorn unaware of the dangers ahead.  He is a seasoned veteran who can say “bring it on,” without being arrogant.  If my Lord died in Jerusalem, why would I not be prepared to die there too? 

How does a person get to the place where they are okay with being persecuted, even killed, for the Name of the Lord Jesus?  You get there through times of prayer and communion with the Lord who bought you with His own blood.  You get there through a life of listening to the Holy Spirit and keeping in step with His lead.  You get there through God’s gracious supply of strength in the Spirit as you step forward in loving faith.  God help us to be a people who are ready to go through anything for the sake of the glory and reputation of Jesus.

For those who claim that Paul is making a mistake by ignoring the warnings of the Holy Spirit and going to Jerusalem anyways, I would point out verse 14.  Luke clearly shows that the group became submitted to the “will of the Lord.”  All of the prophecies were true.  There were no false prophecies in this situation.  However, the will of the Lord is never so simple as receiving a word from one or more people.  What we see is that Paul had already “purposed in the Spirit” to go to Jerusalem before all of these prophecies cropped up.  However, even if a prophecy is given to you first, you are primarily accountable to what God is saying to you within your own heart.  If a prophecy catches you by surprise, then maybe God is having trouble getting something through to you. 

The next step is to get in your prayer closet and seek God’s direction for yourself.  God often confirms His direction through spiritual gifts from a variety of people.  Yet, a person ultimately must be confident in their own heart of what God is asking them.  Don’t be traveling around the region to find that special prophet who can give you a directive from the Lord.  Spend that same energy on your knees in prayer.  If God needs you to receive a prophecy from someone, then He can tell them to find you and give it.

Paul’s assurance of what he needed to do did not come from Agabus or any of the other prophets along the way.  It came from the Spirit of God in prayer, and so must it for us.

Warnings audio

The Acts of the Apostles 78

Subtitle: Farewell to the Ephesian Elders II

Acts 20:25-38.  This sermon was preached by Pastor Marty Bonner on September 1, 2024.

We are picking up in the middle of Paul’s farewell to the elders of the Ephesian church while he is in Miletus.  These are clearly Paul’s last words to them.  He does not expect to come back.

In the previous verses, Paul has reminded them of the example of his life while he was among them.  He then spoke about his present example of steadfastly and boldly going towards persecution in Jerusalem.

At verse 25, Paul begins to speak to the future ahead of them in which he will no longer be with them or able to visit.  He isn’t dying, but the message that he is giving does have that feel to it.  In short, the Apostle Paul does not want to leave any important thing unsaid.  He does not expect to have another chance.

Let’s look at our passage.

Paul exhorts them about the future (v. 25-31)

Paul explains that he knows they will not see him again.  He then speaks about the nature of his leaving.  He has been faithful to preach the Kingdom of God to them.  This Kingdom has both present and future aspects to it.

Yes, Christians are a family, and salvation is being brought into God’s family through Jesus.  However, the Kingdom references have deep roots into the Old Testament with the promised Anointed Son of David who would rule over God’s Kingdom.  Of course, Jesus is no normal king.  He is seated at the right hand of God the Father, having all authority and power over the heavens and the earth.  Paul had preached to them the open door for all to become citizens of this Kingdom of Messiah Jesus.  Those who enter the Kingdom of God receive the life of Christ flowing into and through them by the Holy Spirit.  Christians are to be a kind of preview of the future Kingdom Age when Jesus will return physically and rule from this earth.

Paul also speaks of being innocent of the blood of all men.  Essentially, he is saying that it will not be his fault if any of them fail to survive the judgment of Jesus at the end of their lives.  He had declared to them the whole counsel of God.  They were not missing any critical information for which they had to wait.  They had everything needed for living their lives in godliness, in short, how to please God.

They had heard the truth, and to hear the truth is to be responsible for it before God.  He was leaving and their eternity would be between them and God.

Of course, it had always been between them and God.  No one can repent for you and have faith in Jesus for you.  However, the Lord Jesus had sent Paul into the lives of these Ephesians (just as He sends you to others) to share the good news of salvation in him.  Thus, God can use Paul today to assist them, and then use others tomorrow.  Ultimately, our spiritual walk is dependent upon our relationship with Jesus. They will not be able to point to Paul and say that he had failed to warn them.

In verse 28, Paul exhorts them to pay attention to themselves and the flock of God that they were in.  Since Paul will no longer see them, the whole burden that Paul had helped them with was now coming upon them.  They would first need to pay close attention to their own lives so that they could then pay close attention to the flock of God in which they had been placed.  They would work together to care for the Ephesian believers.  Notice that this follows the pattern that Jesus gave in the Sermon on the Mount in Matthew 7.  Before we make judgments in the lives of others, we must first exercise judgment in our own life.  Of course, we do not judge with our own thoughts, but by the truth of the Word and by the Spirit of God.  Those who live a life of watching over their own souls will be able to be a help to others in the same endeavor.

We should also see that Paul emphasizes how they had come to this authority of elder and watching over the flock.  It was the Holy Spirit that had made them “overseers,” which comes from the Greek word “episkopos.”  This is where we get the word Episcopal.  It is also the root for the English word “bishop.”  Episkopos was borrowed into Latin as episcopus.   Latin was spoken by Christians for over a thousand years before English became a thing.  It was common for the sound of /p/ to devolve into a /b/.  Thus, the sound would be more like ebiscopus.  English doesn’t use endings and the initial “e” was dropped creating the English word biscop, and then bishop. 

Episcopalians is a term used for a church that highlights the rule of bishops over the Church with one bishop over each church- as opposed to congregational, which believe that the people of the church are to rule themselves.  Another word used in this issue is the term presbyterian.  A presbyter is an elder.  This emphasizes the rule of elders over a church.

Regardless of all these different views on Church polity, the terms overseer (bishop) and shepherd (pastor) are not about a title.  Jesus didn’t die so that men could have titles of authority over one another.  These are functions that are intended to assist, to help, the body of Christ.  Their essential purpose is not about elevating one person over another, but about letting the Holy Spirit use us to come alongside of others in their relationship with the Lord Jesus.  We must not lose sight of this purpose.

An overseer is just another way of speaking about a shepherd, or pastor.  The Greek word has at its root the concept of one who feeds.  The pastor term essentially emphasizes assisting in the care of all that a sheep (believer) needs.  Of course, pastors must also recognize that they too are a sheep doing a work for the Good Shepherd, who is the true head of the Church.  The feeding here is spiritual nutrition, which we obtain from the Word of God.  Shepherds are to give the church words of care rather than control.  Wise sheep will learn to hear the voice of Christ through the care of godly overseers and shepherd.

I like to used Psalm 23 to see all the things that a sheep needs, and consequently, all the things that pastors are to focus their ministry upon.  Sheep need “green pastures,” which is the spiritual food of God’s Word.  Sheep also need “peaceful waters,” which is both the Word of God and the ministry of the Holy Spirit.  They also need protection in “the valley of the shadow of death.”  Pastors are only one of the ways that the rod and staff of Christ is used to comfort His people.  Lastly, we can see that the psalmist’s head is anointed with oil.  This can be about the blessing of the Holy Spirit, but with sheep, anointing had more to do with medical care, whether preventative or for healing after an injury.  Believers need help in healing from the wounds of life, and preventatively avoiding some wounds of life.

In verse 29, Paul points to two particular threats that these overseers and pastors should deal with.  The first has to do with “savage wolves” that will com from outside the church.  They are not Christians, though they may pretend such.  Even the metaphorical use of wolf harkens back to the beast kingdoms of Daniel, of which Rome represented one.  These wolves are merely little beastly chips off of the beast block.  These wolves only come for one thing.  They see the sheep as a meal.  Of course, this is not literal, but metaphorical.  They consume people spiritually for financial gain and for their own pride.  Their actions are as destructive as a wolf among sheep.  They destroy the believers by destroying their faith in Christ and robbing them of their eternal inheritance.

The second threat comes from perverse men that will rise up from within the church.  These are believers who have become twisted in their doctrine and thereby also in their actions.  They are on a journey of becoming less and less like the Lord Jesus, whom they claim to serve.  Now, all of us fall short of Jesus.  So, we should be careful in nitpicking each other’s lives in order to label them as perverse men.  Yet, people can become dangerously off course, whether through pride, or through wounds.

What do these perverse men see in the sheep?  We are told that they desire to draw the disciples away to themselves.  They are fixated on “their” ministry, their kingdom, and their glory.  They are too infatuated with being a leader of men rather than being a follower of Jesus.

We are to guard against and recognize the wolves who come in, and we are to guard against the twisting of doctrine and the twisting of living out godliness.  This is actually the duty of all Christians who claim to love the Lord who bought them with His blood.  However, those in leadership bear a greater responsibility, a more severe judgment if they fail to pay attention.  Paul mentions that this was so important to him that he had warned them night and day with tears when he was with them. 

You may not be an official overseer in your church, but when you spend time in the Word of God, and spend time talking with God in prayer, then the Holy Spirit will cause you to see any dangers that come into your life, and into your local church.

Notice that these break down into external and internal threats.  This isn’t just true of the church as a group.  It is also true of us as an individual.  What am I watching out for as I pay close attention to my own life?  I am looking for those ways that the devil brings from the outside into my heart, i.e., temptations from situations and people, but I am also looking for those internal threats that come from my own heart and mind.  Arrogance, pride, lusts, and desires, if not pruned, will grow a thicket of weeds within even the best of overseers, thus destroying their souls.  Be watchful over your life and take possession of your soul by faith in Christ.

Paul entrusts them to God (v. 32-38)

Verse 32 begins with the conclusion to this farewell.  He was a spiritual father to this church and these men.  He had founded it, and he was a vital part of its spiritual success.  However, all spiritual parents, just as natural parents, will hit points along the road when we must entrust our kids to their Heavenly Father.  Of course, they are always in His care, but this is about ways in which we are bowing out of their life.

This happens when they reach maturity and move out into life on their own.  You may still have influence through letters, emails, phone calls, etc.  But, they are no longer in your house as little kids.  The relationship changes.  This is also true as one approaches death.  A parent knows that they will no longer be able to do anything after death.  This one that I have cared for throughout all of their (spiritual) life is now cast upon the Lord.   At particular stages of their life, God used you for their good and in different ways.  Now you are bowing out of that role.   Of course, God can use others, but there is also the fact that children grow up to become parents themselves.  Spiritual maturity comes through the tough decisions where we step up in Christ in ways that others stepped up for us.

In verse 32, Paul also points out that God and His Word can build them up.  God through His Holy Spirit, with His Holy Word, and in the community of holy believers builds us up.  This is the same language of Ephesians 4:13, where we are being built up in order to be more like Christ.  This is both individually and corporately.  A spiritual building must have a good spiritual foundation, and that foundation is Jesus.  God has started this building when we put our faith in Jesus, and He will finish this building when we are resurrected and stand in His presence.

Part of our discipleship is learning to cooperate with this work of God among those who have been sanctified, i.e., set apart for God’s holy purpose, of being conformed into the image of Jesus.

Paul refers to an inheritance that is ours in Christ.  This inheritance is definitely an eternal inheritance as an adult son of God.  In this sense, we inherit all things with Christ! 

Yet, this inheritance does have some downpayments within this life.  We inherit a place among God’s people, shining the light of Jesus to the world around us.  We inherit the glory of being a witness of Jesus to a lost and dying world.  We inherit the joy of being used of God to bring some to salvation, and to be persecuted as he was by others.  We are entering into our eternal inheritance even now in our mortal flesh.

Through a series of statements, Paul emphasizes that they follow his example of using strength to care for the weak.  The weak in this context is the Ephesians themselves.  When Paul was among them, he did not have them financially care for him.  Instead, he worked in his tent-making trade in order to supply his needs and the needs of the men with him.  He also did this with the Corinthian church.  In fact, he pointed out to them that other churches sent him money while he was in Corinth so that he could continue to minister to them.

Instead of despising those who are financially weak, or spiritually weak, etc., Paul used his strengths to cover for their weakness, and to help them to become stronger.  He even taught them to care for the Judean church when they were hurting from famine.  Here is the thing.  If we do not use our strengths to help the weak, then we will begin to become weak ourselves.  We will begin to become twisted and not like our Lord.  Jesus laid his life down for us while we were yet sinners (very weak).

Paul wasn’t trying to make money (silver or gold) from them, nor was he looking to have nice clothes.  He was not ministering for material gain.  Instead, he modeled the words of the Lord Jesus.  “It is more blessed to give than to receive.”

In many places, Jesus challenged his followers to be givers.  The sermon on the mount speaks to this and the blessing that comes from it.  However, these words are not recorded in the Gospels in this form.  Is this a mistaken quote by Paul?

I believe that this falls into the category that the Apostle John identified in John 21:25.  Jesus said many things and they were not all recorded in the Gospels.  Also, Paul had several visions where the Lord Jesus spoke directly to him.  These are the words of Christ, even if you cannot find them in the Gospels.

There are a lot of people ministering today under the banner of Jesus Christ who pride themselves in their clothing, in the expensive vehicles they drive, as if these are proof that they are a great apostle.  Jesus’ proof of His Apostleship was dying on the cross for us.  The Apostle Paul followed in the footsteps of his Lord.  He wasn’t looking to get anything in the flesh.  He was among them to give.  This is the true mark of an apostle.

Finished with his message, Paul prays with the elders.  He is doing more than setting an example here.  He knows that they will need God’s help to succeed in all that he has put in front of them.  He wants them to overcome, and thus, he prays for them God’s help.  God is ultimately our source and the only way that we will overcome this world by faith.

We then have a great show of emotion in tears and kissing.  This is not a lack of faith, but a recognition of the will of God.  Sometimes God’s will takes away from us.  We are never happy about the leaving of a loved one, nor their death.  Even if they are in a better place, such as heaven, we miss having their fellowship and strength in our lives.  It is only right to grieve the passing of a godly person.

However, this is a godly sorrow and godly tears.  It is full of thanksgiving and gratitude to God for His many gifts into our lives.  In fact, Jesus himself was full acquainted with tears and sorrow.  He wept over Jerusalem and its coming betrayal of him.  Serving Jesus will have times of laughter and times of tears.  In all of it, we have the assurance that God the Father is working all things to the good. 

The scene ends with them seeing Paul and company off at the ship, which is a metaphor for many things in life.  Yet, the God of all comfort stays with them, even as He goes with Paul.  Let us hold fast to this wonderful truth!

Farewell II audio

The Acts of the Apostles 77

Subtitle: Farewell to the Ephesian Elders I

Acts 20:13-24.  This sermon was preached by Pastor Marty Bonner on August 25, 2024.

Paul is on a ship traveling from Macedonia to Jerusalem by ship along the coast.  It is on this trip that Luke gives us several fore-warnings that Paul is to be taken prisoner at Jerusalem.  Of course, this should be expected at some point because of what the Lord tells Ananias about Paul in Acts 9:16.  “I will show him how many things he must suffer for My name’s sake.”

Back in Acts 19:21, we were told that “Paul purposed in the Spirit, when he had passed through Macedonia and Achaia, to go to Jerusalem, saying, ‘After I have been there, I must also see Rome.’”  Added to this resolve that Paul has to go to Jerusalem, will be this farewell speech to the Ephesian elders.  Paul spells out that persecution and tribulations await him in Jerusalem.  Thus, he may never make it back to see them.

There is a time for farewells.  Even when they are for God’s purpose, they are never easy.  Realizing that you may not see loved ones again has a sobering effect, and leads people to focus on what is important to say and do.  We don’t always know when our last time with someone will be, and so wisdom teaches us to treat every interaction with others as extremely important.  We should be better at not leaving things unsaid until it is too late.  Farewells happen for a variety of reasons, but the Christian never needs to fear them.  God will never separate from us all.

Let’s look at our passage.

Paul travels from Troas to Miletus (v. 13-16)

These first four verses simply lay out Paul’s itinerary from Troas to a town called Miletus.  If you look at a map from the first century of the coastal area of Asia Minor, you will see that their ship travels along the coast and inside of the shelter of various islands.  Miletus was a town on the southwest coast of the province of Asia.

We are also told that Paul is hurrying to get to Jerusalem by the feast of Pentecost.  Previously he had left Philippi after the feasts of Passover and Unleavened bread.  There are 50 days between those spring feasts and Pentecost.  Paul had used 12 days getting to Troas and staying there for 7 days.  Thus, he only had 38 days left when he left Troas.  This leads to Paul calling for the Ephesian Elders to come to him at Miletus, so that he can say goodbye.

Paul exhorts the elders of Ephesus (v. 17-24)

When they had gathered, Paul addresses them by first reminding them of his past example before them, especially “what manner I always lived among you.”  Paul did not act in a variety of ways, as if he was not sure about the Lord Jesus Christ.  He did not have a compartmentalized life, nor was he manic in his devotion to Christ.  He was an example of faithfulness to the Lord Jesus in his manner of living.  He lived the way that Christ had commanded his disciples to do.  His manner always pointed back to Jesus. 

Now, it is one thing to be faithful.  Some people are faithfully selfish.  But, it is quite another thing to be faithful in the good thing of living out the commands of Jesus.

Paul had not come to Ephesus to increase his ministry, to make it global.  He was not trying to increase the number of churches sending money to him every month.  In fact, the Holy Spirit had forbade Paul to go into that area when he first tried to go there.  He went around the area and only came back when the Holy Spirit gave him leave to do so.  Paul wants these elders to remember that all that he did  was about doing the work of Christ, in the way that Christ desired.  He honored Jesus in everything.

In verse 19, he fleshes out what that example was exactly.  He had been among them as a servant of the Lord Jesus.  We are not called to serve our own interests, but to serve the interests of Jesus. When we serve others for the purpose of Christ, it makes us better husbands, wives, sons, daughters, church members, employers, employees, and every relationship.

Paul particularly served Christ with all humility.  This word emphasizes an attitude of mind that then impacts the way one lives among others.  He was lowly of mind.  This doesn’t mean that Paul saw himself as the worst worm in the room, but that he knew how badly he had messed up in his own flesh.  He knew how much he needed Jesus every hour and every day.  Jesus had saved him from the grotesque depths of sinfulness.  Jesus had then given him a job.  Paul did not see himself as the great apostles, but as a person who owed Christ everything.  He would faithfully complete the task that Jesus had given him because Jesus was worthy of Paul’s whole life.

Paul was not ministering for reputation or material gain.  He was seeking the approval of Christ.  To serve Jesus is to serve others.  Like Christ going to the cross, the apostle Paul suffered things so that others could receive a good hearing of the Gospel.  Yes, there will be a day of judgment for all people, but until then, our job is to serve people with the good news of Jesus.

Paul also served the Lord Jesus with many tears and trials.  These trials are various in nature.  There were trials of difficult travels and the dangers that went with that.  There was the trial of facing wicked people with ulterior motives.  There were arrests, imprisonments, beatings, public shame, and shipwrecks.  Each one of these tested Paul’s endurance.  “Will you keep going now?  Or, will you now quit.”

These difficulties not only tested Paul’s endurance, but they also brought tears to the apostle.  Yes, he knew they were tests, but that doesn’t make it any easier when someone you have ministered to begins to persecute you.  Imagine Jesus Christ looking over Jerusalem and weeping because he knew that they would ultimately reject him.  The question that is asked in these times is this.  Are  you going to remain faithful to the hard work that God has given you to do? 

That same question should be answered every day, even if you aren’t the apostle Paul.  Grandparents and parents have to answer that question.  Believers in a local church have to answer that question.  Christians who are to be the light of their culture and generation have to answer this question.  All of the difficulties that you face in following Christ are testing you.  Yet, your tears are precious to the Lord.  Just as he knows the number of hairs on your head, he knows the number of tears that you have shed.

Thus, we see Jesus asking his disciples in John 6:67, “Do you also want to go away?”  Yet, Peter answers that this world had nothing for them.  The world was empty, but Jesus was full of life.  They would carry the burden of the heavy things, the burden of sorrowful things, in order to remain with the one who was life itself. 

Thus, our tests and trials bond us to the Lord Jesus.  He too shed tears.  When you feel like quitting, let the fact that the Lord didn’t quit on you give you strength to continue on.  Turn to him in prayer and ask for strength to crucify your fleshly desire to avoid suffering, and then strength to carry out God’s will.

The response of our flesh, whether tears or fears, is generally not a chosen thing.  Like a gag-reflex, it comes rushing to the surface in the moment.  Yet, we can then take those emotions and those fears and put them at the feet of Jesus, on the altar.  “Lord, I am going to keep serving you even though this difficulty is in my way.”

All of us need to get to the broken place where it is tough to follow Jesus, and yet, we know that this world has nothing for us.  Each test is a way for us to say to the Lord, “Even this, I will go through for your sake, in order to remain faithful to the work that you have given me to do!”

Paul also mentions that he had proclaimed to them everything that would be helpful, or beneficial, to them.  They were not in need of something better from some charlatan that would come along later.  There were many itinerant teachers looking for itching ears in those days.  We can become weary of doing the good thing that God gives us to do.  Then, we become susceptible to the misdirection of the enemy of our souls, the devil.  He will seek to pull you off the course that Christ has given you to walk.

Paul had given the Ephesian Christians everything they needed for life and godliness, to live a life that was faithful to the Lord Jesus Christ.  In verse 21, Paul explains the greatest good thing that he had given them.  The most beneficial thing we can gain from the Scriptures is the call to have repentance towards God and to have faith towards Jesus.  Many of the Jews had given up on waiting for Messiah.  Repentance called them to turn back to Yahweh with a whole heart and believe upon Jesus whom He had sent.

Of course, not everything we say or do is beneficial to one another.  May we become quick to change course, quick to repent, quick to forgive one another, so that the Lord will be pleased with this assembly.  If you think you are missing something, the truth is that you are only missing it because you haven’t opened up your Bible and taken it seriously.

In verses 22 to 24, Paul speaks to them about his present example to them.  He is a man who is “bound in the Spirit.”  Through prayer and communion with Christ, through the help of the Holy Spirit, Paul has committed himself, tied himself, to a difficult work that Christ wanted him to do.  We too often give up on difficult works that Christ has for us to do because we don’t spend the time in prayer to gain his vision for it, and then commit ourselves to it in faith.

God will not force you to do anything.  He wants you to catch His vision and volunteer for it, to say Yes to it.  Prayer is that place where His burden switches to ours, where His vision becomes ours.  Part of you may be saying that you can’t do it.  Yes, in your flesh, you can’t do it.  However, in Christ, you can do all things because Christ will strengthen you (Philippians 4:13).

Paul doesn’t know exactly what awaits him, but he does know that it will be difficult.   Verses 22 and 23 tell us that the Spirit of God testified in every city where Paul was going that trials and tribulations awaited him.  Notice first that it is the Spirit who was testifying.  This happened in Paul’s personal times of prayer, but it also happened through others such as prophets within the church gatherings.  We will see an example of this in Acts 21.

This raises the question.  If God warns us about persecutions ahead, does it mean that He wants us to avoid them?  Perhaps, there are times when this is so.  However, Paul knew he needed to march into those trials, at least this time.  Such a resolve can only be determined in prayer before God, seeking His will.

Luke has not described these warnings “in every city.”  However, this helps us to understand why Paul would preach past midnight and into the rise of morning.  He knew that he would most likely not be coming back.

What would you do if you were continually told by the Spirit, and by other people, that the path ahead was full of tribulations?  In general, Jesus has told us exactly this.  In 2 Timothy 3:12, we are told that “all who desire to live godly in Christ Jesus will suffer persecution.”  Are we blessed in these United States of America, or are we spoiled?

Sometimes God warns us of pain ahead because He wants to know if we are ready to be like Jesus.  He is preparing us and testing us to see if we will keep going out of love and devotion to Him.

In verse 24, Paul states that this revelation of the Spirit doesn’t move him.  He doesn’t mean emotionally.  He is talking about the path, or course, that he is on in going to Jerusalem to suffer.  Paul is doing something difficult for the lord, and it would be easy to stop, turn back, and to avoid it.  However, none of these things have changed Paul’s mind and his resolve to go to Jerusalem.

Do you realize that the devil often uses resistance and difficulty to get us discouraged from God’s path for us?  He is doing all he can to change your mind, as he did with Eve in the Garden.  He was successful to get her off of the course that God had given to her, at least for a little while.  You can choose to follow Jesus at a point in time, but you will need to keep choosing Jesus over the top of difficulties in order to actually do it.

In fact, Paul states that he doesn’t count his life as precious to himself.  It is not that our lives are not precious, but that they are precious to God and for His purposes.  If God asks me to suffer, even as a martyr, then it has great value to Him.  However, I will have to lay my life down to do it.  My life cannot mean more to me than glorifying the Savior who died for me.  This is one of the major sins of life.  We take our lives that are precious to God, and made for His purposes, and we ignore Him.  We take what was intended for holy purposes and use them for common purposes, and sometimes even for profane purposes.

Paul is reiterating what Jesus was talking about in Luke 14:26-27.  “If anyone comes to Me and does not hate his father and mother, wife and children, brothers and sisters, yes, and his own life also, he cannot be My disciple.  And whoever does not bear his cross and come after Me cannot be My disciple.” 

Why do people not pick up crosses to follow Jesus?  Sometimes it is because we are afraid of losing relationships with the people and things around us.  We can refuse to carry a cross in trying to keep from hurting our family, but the best thing you can do for your family is to carry the cross that God gives you.  You will do the most damage to them by refusing to pick it up.

It is not that He wants us to hate anyone, even ourselves.  Rather, when it comes to choosing between Jesus, his work, and my selfish desires, we would choose him every time!  If my life is to end early in Jerusalem or Rome, then so be it.  Jesus is worthy of such a sacrifice of love!

Paul refers to the path ahead as a “race” in the NKJV.  It is probably better thought of as a course, a particular path that he must travel full of hardships and obstacles.  A person is not given all the details of their personal course, but we can walk forward in faith by His daily help.  He leads, corrects, comforts, encourages, and does many other things to help us along our course.

Paul knew that he had a duty to walk out this course before him.  Yet, all duties can be done as a mere hardship that a person resents, but does anyways.  Duty can be a drudgery, and all parents know this.  There is something powerful in learning that there are duties that we should do in this Christian walk.  Duties that are for Christ and towards other people.  Yet, it is even better to find the joy that God has for you in doing them.  Paul doesn’t just want to finish his chores.  He wants to do them with joy!  Why did Jesus go to the cross?  Not just because he had a duty to do it.  He did so for the joy that was awaiting him on the other side, relationship with the Father and those who would believe upon Jesus for eternity!

Wrestling in prayer, the Holy Spirit will help you to find the joy of fighting the devil and being used of God to impact the lives of others eternally.  To be in the presence of God is peace eternally, but we can tap into that peace even today.  In the midst of the trial, the joy of the Lord can fill your heart and strengthen you far more than the knowledge of any duty can.  May the Lord help us to serve Him with all our hearts!

Farewell I audio